第二章

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陈牧：今契丹息兵请和，以求安西之地，寡人当如何处之？先生教我。萧凡：臣以为，往岁契丹每以犯边而不成者，盖有安西掣其肘也，比者息兵请和，非能慕悦中国之礼义也，直以国多内难，人畜疫疠，恐中国乘其弊，故且屈志求自安。使其国小安，岂能忘四镇之地哉！两汉得之以制匈奴，隋唐据之以制突厥，今兹亦然，愿大王答而绝之，勿效石家小儿之割辽东也。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人谨受教，吾不能遗恨千古也。chenmu：NowtheKhitanwantstonegotiatewithustostopthewar，ButtheirconditionwasforustoabandonthetownofAnxi，HowdoIhandlethis？Sirtaughtmexiaofan：Ithink，Inthepast，theKhitanoftenharassedtheborderbutfailed，BecausethereisthetownofAnxiholdingthemback，Theydonotdothisoutofadmirationforourmanners，Therehasbeenaveryseriousdisasterintheircountry，Whichledtothedeathsofalotofpeopleandanimals，Theyareafraidthatwewilltaketheopportunitytosneakuponthem，Sotheyloweredtheirattitudetonegotiatewithus，Iftheircountrystabilizes，theywilldefinitelyinvadeAnxiTown，TheHanDynastyusedAnxitobalancetheXiongnu，TheTangDynastyusedAnxitobalancetheTurks，Thesituationisnowthesameasbefore，Ihopeyourefusetheirrequest，TheShifamilyabandonedLiaodong，andyoushouldnotrepeattheirmistakes。chenmu：Sirisright，Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings，AndIdon'twanttobeasinnerofhistory。陈牧：今太后抱恙，朝臣议欲修观，以为母后祈福，寡人当如何处之？先生教我。萧凡：臣以为，自古失道破国亡家者，口说不如身逢，耳闻不如目睹。太祖高皇帝，大王之父也，拨乱返正，开基立极；官不虚授，财无枉费；不多造寺而有福，不多度僧而无灾，天地垂祐，风雨时若，粟帛充溢，蛮夷率服，国泰民安，名高万古。大王何不取而法之？惠文皇帝，大王之兄，弃祖宗之业，徇女子之意；无能而禄者数千人，无功而封者百馀家；造寺不止，费财货者数百亿，所出日滋，所入日寡；夺百姓口中之食以养贪残，剥万人体上之衣以涂土木，于是人怨神怒，诸侯叛离，被弑于北邙，大王何不惩而改之！如此，福虽不求而自至，祸虽不却而自去。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人谨受教。chenmu：Now，theQueenMotherhasbeenillforalongtime，TheministerssuggestedthatIbuildatempletoprayfortheQueenMother，HowshouldIhandlethis？Sirtaughtmexiaofan：Ithink，Manycountriesdonotfollowtherightpathofgovernanceandeventuallyperished，Whatotherssayisnotasgoodasyouseeityourself，Yourfathercalmedthechaosandreturnedthecountrytotherightpath，Sincethen，hehasestablishedanewcountry，Hewillnotgivepromotionstopeoplewhodonothavemerit，Hewouldnotspendmoneytobuildtemples，However，hewasblessedbyheavenandearth，Thecountrybecamestable，thepeoplebecamerich，andforeignerslookeduptohim，Hebecameagreatkingbecauseofthis，Youshouldlearnfromyourfather，Yourbrothergaveupthecareerofhisancestors，andtrustonlyhisconcubines，Manypeoplewhodonothavemeritarerewardedbyhim，Hespentalotofmoneytobuildtemples，Incomeandexpenditureareunbalanced，Heusedthepeople'smoneytofeedcorruptofficialsandbuildprojects，Therefore，peopleandGodwereangryaboutthis，Theprincipalitiesalsobetrayedhim，Eventually，hewaskilledinBeimang，Youshouldnotrepeathismistakes，OnlythenwillGodblessyou。chenmu：Sirisright，Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。陈牧：寡人愿闻，近来为政得失，先生何以教我？萧凡：臣以为，隋炀帝自恃自强，不忧时政，虽制敕交行，而声实舛谬，言同尧、舜，亦如桀、纣，举天下之大，一掷而弃之，大王所知也，李世民反炀帝所为，抑欲勤政，方有大唐三百年之社稷，愿大王择之。人主莫不好忠正而恶佞邪，然忠正者常疏，佞邪者常亲，以至于覆国危身而不寤者，何哉？诚由忠正者多忤意，佞邪者多顺指，积忤生憎，积顺生爱，此亲疏之所以分也。明主则不然。爱其忤以收忠贤，恶其顺以去佞邪，愿大王因以鉴之，则太平可期也。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人谨受教。chenmu：Iwanttoknow，HowwellIdiddealingwithgovernmentaffairs？Sirtaughtmexiaofan：Ithink，SuiEmperorYangwasconceitedbecausethecountrywasstrong，Therefore，hedoesnotpayattentiontogovernmentaffairs，Hehasissuedmanydecreesthatlookgood，Butinreality，hedoesthesamethingasJiZhou，Powerfulnationsgotoextinctionbecauseoftheiractions，Youknowthesethings，LiShiminlearnedtheirlessonsandworkedhardtohandlegovernmentaffairs，Thus，theTangDynastylastedforthreehundredyears，Ihopeyoufollowhisexample，Kingspreferloyalministersovertraitors，Butinfact，theyareclosetovillainsratherthangentlemen，Intheend，thecountryperished，andtheydidnotrepent，why？Becauseloyalministersoftenmakethemangry，andvillainsmakethemhappy，Therefore，theyprefervillainstoloyalists，TheHolyKingdidtheoppositeofthem，Theholykinglikedloyalministerstogivehimadvice，AndHehatesthesycophancyofvillains，Ihopeyoulearnfromthis，Then，theworldwillbepeaceful。chenmu：Sirisright，Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。陈牧：寡人愿闻，用法之精义，先生何以教我？萧凡：臣以为，法贵简而能禁，罚贵轻而必行；大王方兴崇至德，大布新政，请除一切碎密，不察小过。小过不察则无烦苛，大罪不漏则止奸慝，使简而难犯，宽而能制，则善矣。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人谨受教。chenmu：Iwanttoknow，Whatisthetruemeaningofapplyingthelaw？Sirtaughtmewhatitis。xiaofan：Ithink，Onlysimplicityofthelawcandeterothersfrommakingmistakes，Criminallawmustbelightinordertobeenforced，Youareabouttopromoteyourmoralityandimplementnewpolicies，Ihopeyoucanrepealthosecumbersomelaws，Andtoleratesmallmistakes，OnlyifyoudonotcareaboutsMallthings，thelawwillnotbeharsh，Punishingpeoplewhomakebigmistakeswillpreventothersfrommakingthesamemistakes，Thelawissimple，butfewpeoplebreakit，Thelawistolerant，butitpreventsothersfrommakingmistakes，Itisthetruemeaningofthelaw。chenmu：Sirisright，Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。陈牧：寡人愿闻，何以使天下英才入我大晋，先生教我。萧凡：臣以为，人君苟能修其道义，昭其德音，慎其威仪，审其教令，刑无偏颇，惠泽播流，百官乐职，万民得所，则贤者仰之如天地，爱之如父母，乐之如埙篪，歆之如兰芳，愿大王鉴之。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人谨受教。chenmu：Iwanttoknow，WhatcanIdotoattracttalenttomycountry？Sirtaughtme。xiaofan：Ithink，Ifthekingcultivateshismorality，Givefavorstothepeople，Leadbyexample，Reviewdecreesfairlyandjustly，Well，theministerswillworkhardandthepeoplewilladmireyou，Theywilltreatyouliketheirparents，Ihopeyoucanlearnfromthis。chenmu：Sirisright，Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。陈牧：寡人闻，孙权乃聪明仁智雄略之主，何也？先生教我。萧凡：臣以为，纳鲁肃于凡品，是其聪也，拔吕蒙于行阵，是其明也，获于禁而不害，是其仁也，取荆州而兵不血刃，是其智也，据三州虎视天下，是其雄也，屈身于曹丕，是其略也，十八岁而领江东，四十七而建帝业，其天资英伟，神武机断，不下于大王也。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人受教矣。chenmu：Iheard，SunQuanwasagreatking，Heiswiseandbenevolent，Sirtaughtmewhy？xiaofan：Ithink，HewassMartbecauseheselectedLuSufromthegrassroots，HewascleverbecauseheselectedLymonfromthearmy，HewasmercifulbecausehedidnotkillYujin，HewaswisebecauseheoccupiedJingzhouwithminimalcost，Heismagnificentbecausehespiedtheworldwiththreestates，SubmittingtoCaoPiwashisstrategy，HealreadyruledJiangdongattheageofeighteen，Whenhewasforty-seven，hecreatedthenation，Asamagnificentanddecisiveking，Heisnoworsethanyou。chenmu：Sirisright，Iacceptyourteachings。

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