第二十章

陈牧：寡人闻，秦穆公其国小处僻而霸，何也？先生教我。萧凡：臣以为，其国虽小，而其志大；处虽僻，而其政中。其举果，其谋和，其令不偷，亲举五羖大夫于系缧之中，与之语，三日而授之政。以此取之，虽王可也，何况霸哉。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人受教矣。chenmu：Iheard，Previously，theterritoryoftheQinKingdomwasverysMall，Butintheend，itbegantodominate，Sirtaughtmewhy？xiaofan：Ithink，ItsterritoryissMall，butitsambitionsaregreat，Itslocationisnotgood，Butitspoliticsareclear，TheStateofQinwasverydecisiveinimplementingitspolicies，Itsstrategycanbeimplemented，Itsofficialsdidtheirbesttocarryoutthedecrees，AftertheKingofQinselectedtalents，hewouldimmediatelyappointthem，Throughthis，KingQincanconquertheworld，letalonehegemony。chenmu：Sirisright，Iacceptyourteachings。陈牧：寡人闻，钟子期死，伯牙破琴绝弦，何也？先生教我。萧凡：臣以为，其终身不复鼓琴，以为世无足为鼓琴者，非独鼓琴若此也，贤者亦然。虽有贤者，而无以接之，贤者奚由尽忠哉！骥不自至千里者，待伯乐而后至也。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人受教矣。chenmu：Iheard，WhenZhongdied，Boyadestroyedhispianoanddecidednottoplayitagain，Sirtaughtmewhy？xiaofan：Ithink，Hedecidednottoplaythepianoagainfortherestofhislife，Becausenoonedeserveshimtoplaythepiano，Theyareconfidants，Thesamegoesfortalent，Yougettalent，Ifyoutreatthemnotaccordingtoetiquette，Thenyouwillnotgaintheirloyalty，Horsesdonotgallop，Becausetheyarewaitingfortherealowner。chenmu：Sirisright，Iacceptyourteachings。陈牧：寡人愿闻，圣王何以治天下？先生教我。萧凡：臣以为，圣王之所以治天下者有五，贵德，贵贵，贵老，敬长，慈幼。此五者，圣王之所以定天下也，所谓贵德，为其近于圣也。所谓贵贵，为其近于君也。所谓贵老，为其近于亲也。所谓敬长，为其近于兄也。所谓慈幼，为其近于弟也。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人受教矣。chenmu：Iwanttoknow，HowtheHolyKinggovernsthecountry？Sirtaughtme。xiaofan：Ithink，TheHolyKingrulestheworld，Theyfollowedfivepoints，Respectethicalpeople，Respectforprestigiouspeople，Respecttheelderly，Respectelders，Loveandcareforchildren，TheHolyKingcanstabilizetheworld，Itdependsonthesepoints，Whyrespectethicalpeople？Becausetheyareclosetothesaints，Whyrespectprestigiouspeople？Becausetheyareclosetokings，Whyrespecttheelderly，Becausetheyareclosetotheirlovedones，Whyrespectelders，Becausetheyareclosetotheirfamilies，Whylovechildren，Becausetheyareclosetobrothers。chenmu：Sirisright，Iacceptyourteachings。陈牧：寡人闻，治国之本，在于务农，何也？先生教我。萧凡：臣以为，一日不再食则饥，岁终不制衣则寒，故以务农立国，以足食为政，古今之通理也，天生圣人为天下主，凡一毫便于农者，必极力行之。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人受教矣。chenmu：Iheard，Agricultureisthefoundationofthecountry，Sirtaughtmewhy？xiaofan：Ithink，Ifthepersondoesnoteatforaday，theywillbehungry，Ifthepersondoesnotwearclothes，theygetcold，Therefore，agricultureisthefoundationofthecountry，Thefirstthingtogovernistogetpeopletohaveenoughfood，Thishasbeendonesinceancienttimes，Thedutyoftheholykingistonurturethepeople，Aslongasitisbeneficialtothepeople，hewilldohisbesttodoit。chenmu：Sirisright，Iacceptyourteachings。陈牧：寡人闻，小大之狱，虽不能察，必以情，何也？先生教我。萧凡：臣以为，凡听讼理狱，必原父子之亲，立君臣之义，权轻重之序，测浅深之量。悉其聪明，致其忠爱，疑则与众共之。疑则从轻者，所以重之也，复加之以三讯，众所善，然后断之。是以为法，参之人情，故舜命咎繇曰，汝作士，惟刑之恤。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人受教矣。chenmu：Iheard，Noteverycourtcasecanbeheard，However，youmustinsistonfairnessandjusticeinthecaseforwhichyouareresponsible，Sirtaughtmewhy？xiaofan：Ithink，Whenyoureviewacase，Youmustconsidertherelationshipbetweenthecharacters，theimportancelevel，theorderinwhichtheyappear，Youhavetouseyourtalentstohandlethis，Youshouldbefairandjustandhumane，Ifyoucannotmakeadecision，thenyoudiscussitwithotherpeople，Ifyouhavedoubts，thenyoufirstsetalightpunishment，Thisisprudenceinthelaw，Then，youreviewthecaseafewmoretimes，Aftereveryoneagrees，youmakeadecision，Thetruemeaningofthelawisfairness，justiceandhuman。chenmu：Sirisright，Iacceptyourteachings。陈牧：寡人欲起两仪殿，为慰中宫，可乎？先生以为如何？萧凡：臣以为，天生民而树之君，使司牧之，非以兆民之命，穷一人之欲也。唐氏失德，大晋受之，苍生引领，庶几息肩。是以太祖高皇帝身衣大布，居无重茵，后妃不衣锦绮，乘舆马不食粟，爱民故也。大王践阼以来，已作殿观十馀所，加之军旅数兴，馈运不息，饥馑、疾疫，死亡相继，而益思营缮，岂为民父母之意乎！今楚王雄霸于南方，蜀王倔强于巴蜀，石氏败类奄有辽东，大王释此不忧，乃更为中宫作殿，岂目前之所急乎！陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人知过矣。chenmu：Iwanttobuildanewpalaceformymother，Sir，whatdoyouthink？xiaofan：Ithink，Thedutyofakingistonurturethepeople，Insteadofoverusinglabortosatisfydesires，TheTangDynastylosttheworld，andtheJinDynastyinheritedit，Itguidesandstabilizestheworld，Therefore，yourfatherwasthriftyandsimpleinlife，Becauseyourfatherlovedthepeople，Sinceyoubecameking，youhavebuiltmanypalaces，However，thewarneverended，Thepeoplearestillincoldandhunger，Whatyoudocannotbeexplainedtotheworld，Besides，thekingofChudominatesthesouth，AndthekingofShudidnotsubmittoyou，Youdidnotexpressconcernaboutthis，Youarebusybuildingpalaces，Thisisnotyourfirstpriority。chenmu：Sirisright，Iwaswrong。陈牧：范隆比寡人于桀纣，吾欲杀之，可乎？先生以为如何？萧凡：臣以为，范隆为先帝所知，受命之初，即引置门下，尽忠竭虑，知无不言。臣等窃禄偷安，每见之未尝不发愧。今所言虽狂直，愿大王容之。因谏诤而斩列卿，其如后世何！臣窃以为不妥。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人知过矣。chenmu：VanLongregardedmeasthekingofthedeadcountry，therefore，Iwantedtokillhim，Sir，whatdoyouthink？xiaofan：Ithink，VanLongissomeoneyourfathervaluesverymuch，Yourfatherappointedhimasthefirstauxiliaryminister，Andhedoeshisbesttoworkforyourfamily，Assoonashefindsaproblem，hewilldefinitelyraiseit，Wearelazyandtimidcomparedtohim，Weareveryashamedofthat，Thequestionsheposedwerepointed，ButIhopeyouwilltoleratehim，Becausesomeonegivesyouanopinion，youwillkillhim，Thenyouwillnotbeabletosetanexampleforfuturegenerations，Idonotapproveofyoudoingthis。chenmu：Sirisright，Iwaswrong。陈牧：寡人愿闻，孝子何以事亲？先生教我。萧凡：臣以为，孝子之事亲，居则致其敬，养则致其乐，病则致其忧，丧则致其哀，祭则致其严，五者备矣，然后能事亲。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人受教矣。chenmu：Iwanttoknow，Howasonisfilialtohisparents？Sirtaughtme。xiaofan：Ithink，Heshoulddofivethings，First，respectparents，Second，makeparentshappy，Third，theyhavetoexpressconcernwhenparentsaresick，Fourth，theyexpresstheirgriefwhenparentsdie，Fifth，whensacrificingparents，theymustbesolemn。chenmu：Sirisright，Iacceptyourteachings。

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